Doping of Polyvinylidene Difluoride with Cobalt Nitrate: Structural, Electrical, and Magnetic Properties
Katie Fontaine, Wendy Lopez, Everett Crisman, John Derov, William B. Euler, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 2012, 50, 3970 – 3975
Abstract
Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) doped with a few percentage of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate induces transition into the ferroelectric β-phase. Infrared spectra show peaks indicative of β-phase PVDF at 1277 cm–1 and loss of the α-phase peak at 790 cm–1 while polarization measurements show loops consistent with relaxor ferroelectric behavior. Electronic spectroscopy shows that the Co2+ ion is in a six-coordinate environment, and this is confirmed by magnetic susceptibility. Thermal measurements show that the PVDF melts near 155 °C, depending on the Co2+ content, and that there are several other thermal features that are associated with the hydrated cobalt nitrate.
